Language
The Word ‘Shall’ Is Not a Plain-English Shortcut
Understand what “shall” means in public documents by tracing the actor, action, defined terms and conditions before…
sections
Language
Unpack the words and labels used to explain public decisions.
Our approach
A document is a tool, not the whole story
We read public-facing paperwork closely: what it asks, what it leaves unclear and what a reader can do next. A document can explain a process without settling every question.